Finally, after planting time, Our Butterfly pea flower growth pleasantly.
Synonyms
Clitoria ternatensium Crantz, Lathyrus spectabilis Forsskal, Ternatea ternatea (L.) Kuntze, Ternatea vulgaris Kuntze, Ternatea vulgaris Kunth
Vernacular Names:
English Butterfly pea
India Shankapushpi, shankupushpam, aparajit (Hindi), aparajita (Bengali), kakkattan (Tamil)
Brazil Cunha
Philippines Sam-samping
General Information
Description
It is a leguminous tropical herb which is widely found in Indochina, the Philippines and Madagascar (1). Its leaves consist of three to nine oval or elliptical leaflets and its flowers can be in many shades of blue with a yellow throat or pure white with a big standard petal (2). The plant is mainly used as forage as it is highly palatable to livestock and is well adapted to various climates (3). The fruits pod resemble thin peas and are consumed by human (2), (3).
Plant Part Used
Root, seeds, leaves.
Chemical Constituents:
Major flavonol glycosides, 3-O-(2"-O-alpha-rhamnosyl-6"-O-malonyl)-beta-glucoside, 3-O-(6"-O-alpha-rhamnosyl-6"-O-malonyl)-beta-glucoside and 3-O-(2",6"-di-O-alpha-rhamnosyl)-beta-glucoside of kaemferol, quercetin and myricetin were isolated from the petals (4,5). The flowers also contain minor delphinidin glycosides, 3-O-b-glucoside, 3-O-(2"-O-a-rahmnosyl)-b-glucoside, 3-O-(2"-O-a-rahmnosyl-6"-O-malonyl)-b-glucoside of delphinidin (4). Eight anthocyanins (ternatins C1,C2,C3,C4,C5 and D3, and preternatins A3 and C4) were also isolated from the flowers (5), (6). Six ternatins from the flowers were partly characterized as highly acylated dephinidin derivatives (7). Deacylternatin was determined as delphinidin 3,3’,5’-tri-O-b-D-glucopyranoside (7). White petals do not contain anthocyanins (8). There are low levels of condensed tannins (0-2.48 mg catechin/g) and protein precipitable polyphenols (0.16-0.77 mg tannic acid/g) in the raw mature seeds (9).
The seeds contain a highly basic small protein named finotin (10).
Clitoria ternatea flowers contain little calcium (1.9 mg/100 g) compared to common vegetables as determined via inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (11).
Traditional Use:
C. ternatea is used as a brain tonic to promote memory and intelligence (3). The plant extract is used in a rejuvenating recipe to treat neurological disorders and is considered to be wholesome for the intellect (12). Tribes use the root to induce abortion and to reduce abdominal swellings, sore throats and mucous disorders (13). The juice of the root is mixed with cold milk and is drunk to remove phlegm and for chronic bronchitis (1).
The roots are bitter, refrigerant, laxative, diuretic, anthelmintic and tonic and are useful in dementia, hemicrania, burning sensation, leprosy, inflammation, leucoderma, bronchitis, asthma, pulmonary tuberculosis, ascites and fever while the leaves are useful in otalgia and hepatopathy and the leaves, cathartic (2). The plant is considered useful for eye infections, skin diseases, urinary troubles, ulcers and has antidotal properties (3).
Pre-Clinical Data
Pharmacology
Central Nervous System activity
C. ternatea showed a wide spectrum of central nervous system activities i.e. nootropic, anxiolytic, anti-stress, antidepressant and anti-convulsant (2). C. ternatea methanolic extract showed nootropic effects (facilitation of intellectual performance, learning and memory) as it decreased the time required for rats to occupy the central platform in the elevated plus maze and increased the discrimination index in object recognition test (2). The plant exhibited weak anxiolytic activity by increasing the occupancy of rats in the open arm of the exploratory maze and the lit box of the light/dark exploratory test, and antidepressant activity as it decreased the immobility time in the tail suspension test (2). The methanolic extract reduced stress-induced ulcers and decreased the convulsing actions of pentylenetetrazol and maximum electroshock. Cognitive abilities were improved without the production of sedation and behavioral toxicity (2).
Oral intubation of rats for 30 days with the aqueous root extract (100 mg/kg) led to improved learning and memory (12). In neonatal and young adult rats, this led to significant increases in acetylcholine content in the hippocampus, pointing to a neurochemical basis for the improvement in learning and memory (12). The memory enhancing property of the root extract was also shown by its ability to improve retention and spatial learning performance in behavioral tests (12). Alcoholic root extracts (300 & 500 mg/kg doses orally) were more effective than the aerial parts in attenuating memory deficits in rats and this was associated with increased levels of rat brain acetylcholine and acetyl cholinesterase (14), (15). Relationships of these effects with inhibition of acetyl cholinesterase activity were not established, cortical acetyl cholinesterase activity was actually found to be increased (cited in (15)). There was also an increase in the functional growth of the neurons of the amygdala (16).
Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activity
The methanol root extract (200-400 mg/kg) given orally reduced normal body temperature and yeast-induced pyrexia in rats in a dose-dependent manner (1), (13). The antipyretic effect of the extract was comparable to that of an oral dose of paracetamol (150 mg/kg) (1). Rat paw edema induced by carrageenin and vascular permeability induced by acetic acid were inhibited by the both doses of the methanol extract. The extract also markedly reduced the number of writhing responses in the acetic acid-induced writhing response test (13). Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities of the plant were attributed to its flavonoid content (13).
Other activity
The seed extract contain antifungal proteins which were similar to plant defensins previously characterized from radish seeds and gamma thionins from Poaceae seeds (17). A highly basic small protein, finotin, was also isolated from the seeds. This protein has broad and potent inhibitory effects on the growth of important plant fungal pathogens and the common bean bacterial blight pathogen, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (10). Finotin also has insecticidal properties as it is a powerful inhibitor of two bean bruchids.
The flatulence potential of this plant is highest compared to hyacinth bean (Dolichos lablab), sabawel (Mucuna pruriens), lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus), swordbean (Canavalia gladiata), rice bean (Vigna umbellate) and jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis).
Toxicities:
C. ternatea was shown to be non toxic and non-bloating to livestock (3). C. ternatea did not produce sedation or behavioral toxicity (2). In the acute toxicity test for determination of LD50, the extract was found to be safe in animals even at a dose of 3.2 g/kg (1).
Clinical Data
Clinical Trials
A liquid Ayurvedic (herbal) preparation of 21 herbs with C. ternatea as one of the herbal ingredient was given to patients aged 15 years and older with advanced cancer who were started on oral morphine for the first time (18). This is a centuries-old combination used in Ayurveda as a purgative in constipated patients. The study showed no statistically significant difference in the degree of laxative action between the herbal preparation and the control, conventional laxative tablet (18).
Reference : Global Information Hub On Integrated Medicine (Globinmed)
We offers our fresh/dry butterfly pea flower/ bunga Telang/ Clittoria Ternatea, for any aims of you (research, food coloring, or dye)
2$ for 20 gr dry flower/ dry seed (International order-without shipping)
17000 for 20 gr dry flower/dry seed (Local order-tanpa biaya pengiriman)
Contact us in ;
springramira@gmail.com
